- GlobalBuildingAtlas ndiyo mepu ye3D ine ruzivo rwakadzama rwezvivakwa zvakambogadzirwa, ichifukidza zvivakwa zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 2.75 zvine resolution ye3×3 m.
- Chirongwa ichi chinobatanidza mifananidzo yesatellite inosvika 800,000 kubva muna 2019 neruzivo rwakadzama rwekudzidza uye ruzivo rwekudzidziswa kweLiDAR kubva kumaguta 168 kuti vafungidzire tsoka dzechivako, kukwirira uye vhoriyamu.
- Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza musiyano mukuru pasi rose: Asia ine inenge hafu yezvivakwa zvose, nepo chiyero chitsva, chakavakwa pamunhu, chichiratidza kusaenzana kukuru.
- Data rakavhurika rinotsigira kuronga maguta, mamodheru emamiriro ekunze nesimba, kuongororwa kwenjodzi uye kunyange kuferefeta huori hwemaguta nekutonga.
Pasi redu rakawana ruzivo rutsva runoshamisa: a Mepu yepasi rose ye3D yezvivakwa zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 2.75, ichifukidza inenge 97% yezvivakwa zvese zvakagadzirwa nevanhu pasi pano. Kubva kumatunhu makuru ane zvivako zvirefu muChina kusvika kudzimba dzekumaruwa dzakapararira muSahel, denga rega rega rakashandurwa kuita chinhu chinoyerwa muzvikamu zvitatu.
Seri kwechiitiko ichi pane GlobalBuildingAtlas, seti huru yedata yakavhurika inovakazve kukwirira, tsoka uye huwandu hwechivako chimwe nechimwe ichishandisa mifananidzo yesatellite uye kudzidza kwemuchina. Chirongwa ichi hachisi kungoratidza zvinhu zvinopenya chete, asi chiri kushandiswa sechinhu chikuru chekushandisa. kuronga maguta, kutevedzera mamiriro ekunze nesimba, kuongororwa kwenjodzi nekutsvaga magariro evanhu padanho repasi chairo.
Chii chaizvo chiri mepu ye3D yezvivakwa zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 2.75?
Pachinyanya kukosha, GlobalBuildingAtlas isangano re nhamba yepasi rose yezvivakwa mu3D, yakagadzirwa ne resolution yenzvimbo ye 3 × 3 metres. Chimiro chega chega chakagadzirwa nemepu chinoratidzwa se Zviratidzo zve2D pasi uye senzira iri nyore Bhokisi re3D rine urefu hunofungidzirwa, zvichiita kuti vaongorori vakwanise kuverenga nzvimbo yepasi, hupamhi uye kuti nzvimbo dzakaungana dzakasimba kana kuti dzisina kunyatsosimba zvakadii.
Sekureva kwechikwata, atlasi ine Mapurogoni ekuvaka mabhiriyoni 2.75Kwenguva inenge 2.68 bhiriyoni yavo (inenge 97%), data rinosvika kune rinozivikanwa se Danho reChidimbu 1 (LoD1): mabhuroko akasimba akareruka anobata chimiro chekutanga uye kukwirira kwechivako chimwe nechimwe. Izvi hazvisi zvinhu zvekuvaka, asi zvakarurama zvakakwana kupa mamodheru enhamba, masimulation uye masisitimu eAI anoda kufukidzwa kwakafanana pasi rose.
Zvichienzaniswa nedata rekare rezvivakwa pasi rose, iro rakasvika pamabhiriyoni 1.7 ezvivakwa, mepu itsva inowedzera zvimwe zvivako zvinopfuura bhiriyoni uye inopa hunyoro hwakanyanya. Ruzivo rwenzvimbo runotsanangurwa serunosvika 30 nguva dzakakwirira kupfuura mamwe emabhuku ekare aishandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya munzvimbo dzaisambomiririrwa zvakanyanya kare.
Kuwedzera kwekuvhara kwacho kunokosha nekuti nzvimbo dzaimbove dzisina mepu dzakadai senzvimbo huru dzeAfrica, South America nemaruwa eAsia ikozvino yaonekwa nechikamu cheruzivo rwakafanana nerwagara rwuchichengeterwa Europe kana North America. Nemamwe mashoko, atlas haisi yakakura chete; zvakare yakaenzana zvakanyanya nenzvimbo.
Makore matanhatu kusvika manomwe ebasa: mavakirwo akaitwa mepu yepasi rose ye3D
Kugadzira modhi ye3D yezvivakwa zvinenge zvese pasi pano kwaisava nyaya yekumhanya kwealgorithm imwe chete. Chirongwa ichi chakatora nguva yakareba. makore matanhatu kusvika manomwe ebudiriro, kusanganisa satellite remote sensing, deep learning uye patchwork yedatasets reference dzakapihwa nezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemapu nemasangano ehurumende.
Chinonyanya kukosha chepurojekiti iyi mifananidzo kubva Kuratidzwa Kwepamusoro pePlanetScope, boka remasetiraiti ekutengeserana anofungidzira Pasi parinenge Mamita matatu pa pixel imwe neimwePaatlasi iyi, vaongorori vakaunganidza nekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zviitiko zvesatellite zvinosvika 800,000, kunyanya kubva mugore ra2019 uye mune dzimwe nguva yakawedzerwa nedata ra2018, vachisarudza nokungwarira mifananidzo yakanga isina makore kana nyonganyonga yemhepo.
Zviitiko izvi hazvina kungorongwa chete. Zvakagadziriswa uye zvakagadziriswa mumhepo kuitira kuti pixel yega yega ienderane nenzvimbo chaiyo yevhu uye iratidze hunhu hwepamusoro, kwete hutsi kana zvinhu zvemwenje. Chikwata chakabva chasona iyi archive hombe mu mosaic yepasi rose, kunhonga, pixel nepixel, kucherechedzwa kwakachena kwenzvimbo yega yega.
Kuti vatarise simba rekugadzirisa panowanikwa vanhu, vaongorori vakashandisa chigadzirwa chekare, icho Nzvimbo Yepasi Pose Yekutenderera Mumaguta, kuti vaone mataira angangove nemisha yekugara. Zvikamu izvozvo chete ndizvo zvakapfuudzwa nemupombi yekuona chivakwa yakatevera, zvichideredza kuverenga uku zvichiri kutora misha iri yoga nemataundi madiki.
Chimwe chezvinetso zvakaoma zvikuru chaive cheku kusiyanisa zvivakwa zvechokwadi kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakajeka kana zvakarongeka zvinoonekwa kubva muchadenga—zvakadai semigwagwa, mawere, zvivakwa zvemaindasitiri kana denga remiti. Boka iri rakagadzira nzira yekufamba-famba ine matanho akawanda yekuona, kunatsa uye pakupedzisira kushandura zvivakwa zvinogona kushandiswa kuita tsoka dzevector.
Kubva pamapikiseli esathelaiti kusvika kuzvivakwa zvakasiyana-siyana
Danho rekutanga mukushandura mifananidzo kuita mepu yekuvaka raisanganisira kudzidzisa network yakadzika yetsinga kuti ione kuti zvivakwa zviripo kupi. Pakuita izvi, timu yakacheka mosaic yesatellite kuita zvimedu zvidiki ndokuzvibatanidza ne tsoka dziripo dzechivako kubva kuzvinhu zvakaita seOpenStreetMap uye seti huru yedata yakatsanangurwa kubva kuChina.
Maziso etsoka iwayo akarongwa kuti aenderane ne grid yemamita matatu yemifananidzo yePlanetScope, ichigadzira data rekudzidzisa apo pixel yega yega yakanyorwa se "kuvaka" kana "kwete kuvaka". neural network ine maitiro e encoder-decoder ndokubva adzidza kuburitsa "chifukidzo chekuvaka": mufananidzo apo mapikiseti akajeka anoratidza nzvimbo dzakafanotaurwa dzekuvaka.
Zvisinei, kubuda kwemuenzaniso uyu kwaive kwakaoma kubatanidza zvivakwa zviri pedyo kuita mabhurugwa anoenderera mberi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda mumaguta. Kuti vagadzirise izvi, timu yakavaka imwe nzira network yekudzoreredza kuchenesa mamasiki, kupatsanura maumbirwo akabatana uye kurodza miganhu usati waashandura kuita mapolygon. Maitiro ekuona contour, kupfavisa mapolygon uye kusefa zvinhu zvidiki zvakashandiswa kushandura mamasiki aya e binary kuita vector footprints.
Kunyangwe zvakadaro, hazvisi zvinhu zvese zvakaonekwa zvaive zvemaumbirwo chaiwo. Vaongorori vakaongorora zvakabuda kubva pane chimwe chinhu. mepu yepasi rose ine chifukidziro chenyika (WorldCover), kubvisa zvinhu zviri pachena pamusoro pemvura, chando, masango madiki kana mamwe marudzi enyika uko zvivakwa zvisingawanzoitiki. Danho iri rekuwedzera rekusefa rakaratidza kukosha pakuderedza zviratidzo zvenhema munzvimbo dziri kure.
Nekuti hapana data rimwe chete rezvitsigiro rakakwana kana kuti rinowirirana pasi rose, purojekiti iyi inoshandisa nzira yekubatanidza inotungamirirwa nemhando yepamusoroMudunhu rega rega rekutonga, timu yakasarudza nzvimbo yakavimbika zvikuru—kazhinji OpenStreetMap, pamwe neGoogle's Open Buildings yezvikamu zveAfrica neSouth America, data rekuvaka reMicrosoft kana seti yedata redunhu reEast Asia (CLSM)—sechikamu chikuru uye yakabva yawedzera ruzivo rwayo ichishandisa mamwe masosi apo paive nemikana.
Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva kuti munzvimbo imwe neimwe atlasi inochengetedza zvivakwa zvese kubva kunzvimbo yakanakisisa iripo, inowedzera zvivakwa zvisingapindirane kubva panzvimbo yechipiri yakanakisisa uye inovimba netsoka dzayo dzinogadzirwa otomatiki kuti izadze nzvimbo dzasara. Mugumisiro wacho irukoko rumwe chete, rwakabatana rwema polygon ekuvaka, maererano nevanyori, rwakakwana kupfuura chero zvikamu zvayo zviri pachazvo.
Mafungidziro akaita chikwata pahurefu nehukuru
Kushandura marongerwo ezvivakwa zve2D kuita zvinhu zve3D kwaida rimwe danho guru: kufungidzira kuti chivakwa chimwe nechimwe chakareba sei. Kuti vaite izvi, boka rakaunganidza muunganidzwa mukuru wezvinhu ruzivo rweLiDAR rwemuchadenga chifukidzo 168 maguta, kunyanya muEurope, North America neOceania, uko kushandiswa kwelaser scanning mumhepo kwakaitwa padanho guru.
Kubva muzvinyorwa izvi zveLiDAR zvavakawana mamodheru epamusoro edhijitari akajairwa (nDSM), apo sero rega rega regrid rinoratidza kuti poindi iyoyo inokwira mamita mangani pamusoro pevhu. Aya ma nDSM akashanda se "Chokwadi chepasi" chekudzidzisa network yakasiyana yetsinga inogona kuyera kureba kwechivako zvakananga kubva pamufananidzo mumwe chete wesatellite.
Kana zvangodzidziswa, izvi modhi yekufungidzira kukwirira kwemonocular Yakafambiswa pamusoro pePlanetScope mosaic yepasi rose, ichitsvedza pamusoro pemahwindo akabatana kuti avhare pixel yega yega. Pasero rega rega re3 × 3 metres, network yakaburitsa kukosha kwakafanotaurwa kwehurefu. Kuti iverenge kuvimbika, sisitimu iyi yakagadzira kufanotaura kwakawanda kwakakanganisika zvishoma uye vakayera kuti vakasiyana zvakadini, vachipa fungidziro yekusava nechokwadi kunzvimbo yega yega.
Danho rekupedzisira raive rekubatanidza tsoka dzechivako dzakanatswa neichi gridhi yekukwiriraPachivako chimwe nechimwe chepolygon chiri muatlas, sisitimu yacho yaitora sampuli yekukwirira uye yaiwanzopa kukosha kwepamusoro-soro kwehurefu inowanikwa mukati metsoka iyoyo sehurefu hunomiririra chivako, pamwe chete nechiyero chekusava nechokwadi chakabatana nacho. Kubva pahurefu ihwohwo nenzvimbo yetsoka, huwandu hwese vhorumu yechivako chimwe nechimwe inogona kuverengerwa.
Kunyange zvazvo mamodheru eLoD1 ari nyore kuona—akafanana nemabhokisi akarongedzwa zvakanaka pane magadzirirwo akazara—anobata zvakakwana zve fomu rakagadzirwa kutsigira ongororo yakasimbaMiedzo mumaguta ese eNorth America, South America, Europe, Asia neOceania inoratidza kuti, kunyange zvazvo zvikanganiso zvichisiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye chimiro chemaguta, data rese repasi rose rinoita zvakaenzana, uye kazhinji zviri nani pane, zvigadzirwa zviripo zvakakura zvekuvaka.
Zvinoratidzwa neatlasi yekuvaka ye3D nezvenyika
Nepombi yehunyanzvi iripo, atlas inogona kushandiswa kudhirowa rudzi rwe X-ray yenhamba yenzvimbo yakavakwa. Mumakondinendi ese, data reseti rinosvika 506,640 miriyoni mativi emamita ekuvaka uye anenge 2.85 trillion cubic metres yehukuru hwakavakwa.
Chimwe chakawanikwa nekukurumidza ndechekuti fungidziro dzepasi rose dzehuwandu hwezvivakwa dzakamboonekwa sedzakanyanya kukwira. Nhamba yakajairika iri kutenderera mumishumo yeUnited Nations yakaratidza kuti panogona kunge paine zvinhu zvingangoita kuti pave nezvivakwa zvakawanda. Zvivako zvinosvika mabhiriyoni mana pasi rose. Mabhiriyoni 2.75 akawanikwa pano—pamwe chete nenzira yakarongeka yaakawanikwa nayo—zvinoratidza kuti nhamba yekutanga ingangodaro yakawedzera huwandu hwechokwadi.
Kuenzanisa kwenzvimbo kunounza musiyano mukuru. Asia inobuda semuchina weheavyweight usingapokanwe maererano nehuwandu hwekuvaka uye huwandu hwese. Atlas inoverengwa zviri nyore. Zvivako zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 1.22 pakondinendi, pamwe chete neanenge 1.27 trillion cubic metres yehukuru hwakavakwaNhamba idzi dzinoratidza kukurumidza kukura kwemaguta uye huwandu hwevanhu vakawanda munyika dzakadai seChina, India nedziri kuSoutheast Asia.
Africa ine nhamba yechipiri pakukura kwezvivakwa, pa Zvivakwa mamiriyoni 540, asi nehuwandu hushoma hwakaunganidzwa—zvichienderana ne 117 bhiriyoni cubic metresKusawirirana uku pakati pehuwandu hwekuvaka nehuwandu hwezvivakwa kunoratidza kuwanda kwe dzimba diki, dzakatetepa uye dzakadzika, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina kurongeka uye munharaunda dzekumaruwa.
In Europe uye North America, atlas inowana zvivakwa zvishoma pane zviri muAfrica, asi huwandu hwechivakwa chimwe nechimwe hwakakwira zvakanyanya. Maguta anowanzo sanganisa mabhuroko epakati neakareba, matura nedzimba dzakakura dzakaparadzana, zvese izvi zvinokwidza huwandu hwechivakwa chaihwo kunyangwe huwandu hwezvivakwa hwakaderera.
South America, panguva iyi, inoonekwa zvakanyanya muongororo iyi nekuva nezvimwe zve zvikanganiso zvikuru pakuyera kukwirira uye vhoriyamuChikwata ichi chinobatanidza izvi nemusanganiswa wakaoma wenzvimbo dzakakwirira uye nzvimbo dzisina kurongeka, dzakazara vanhu dzakawanda, izvo zvinonetsa kuti modhi iyi itsanangure nguva dzose, zvichiratidza kuti kuvandudzwa mune ramangwana uye ruzivo rwakawanda rwenzvimbo yacho rungabatsira sei.
Chiyero chitsva: vhoriyamu yakavakwa pamunhu
Pamwe chinhu chinonyanya kukwezva pachirongwa ichi ndechekutanga kwechiratidzo chitsva: huwandu hwakavakwa pamunhuPane kungoyera kuti ivhu rakawanda sei rakagara mumaguta, chiyero ichi chinotarisa huwandu hwese hwakavakwa huchienderana nehuwandu hwevanhu vanogara munzvimbo yakatarwa.
Chikwata chevaongorori chinoti nzira iyi inoratidza kusaenzana kunowanzovanzwa nemamepu e2D akatsetsekaNzvimbo mbiri dzinogona kufukidza nzvimbo imwe chete pamepu yekare, asi mamiriro adzo akatwasuka—uye mararamiro adzinoita—zvinogona kusiyana zvikuru.
Vachishandisa seti itsva yedata re3D, vanosimbisa nyaya dzakadai se Finland neGreeceFinland yave kuita zvinhu zvakawanda nzvimbo yakavakwa yakapetwa katanhatu pamunhu kupfuura Girisi, zvichiratidza nzvimbo yakawanda pamunhu mumwe nemumwe uye mapatani akasiyana emaguta nedzimba. Kune rimwe divi rechikero, Naija inoonekwa nenzvimbo yakavakwa pamunhu mumwe nemumwe inenge iri yakaderera ka27 pane avhareji yepasi rose, zvichiratidza kushomeka kwakanyanya kwezvivakwa nedzimba.
Kusiyana uku hakusi kweEurope kana Africa chete. Mumakondinendi ese, bhuku reAtlas rinoratidza kuti matunhu akapfuma anowanzo nakidzwa ne huwandu hwakawanda pamunhu, migwagwa yakafara uye zvivakwa zvikuru, nepo matunhu asina urombo achiwanzobatanidza dzimba dzakamanikana, dzakaderera nezvivakwa zveveruzhinji zvishoma. Musiyano unova wakajeka kana tichienzanisa, semuenzaniso, matunhu akapfuma emaguta makuru nenzvimbo dzisina kurongeka dziri pedyo.
Kune nyanzvi yesainzi yepurojekiti iyi, Muzvinafundo Xiaoxiang Zhu veTechnical University of Munich, shanduko iyi inokosha. Iye nevamwe vake vanoti maguta anofanira kubatwa se zvinhu zvine mativi matatu pakuongorora kufambira mberi kwe Chinangwa chechipfumbamwe cheUN Sustainable Development, iyo inotarisa pamaguta nenharaunda dzinogara kwenguva refu, pane kungovimba chete nekuti ivhu rakarongwa se "remaguta".
Mukuona kwavo, huwandu hwezvivakwa pamunhu wega wega inopa nzira yakananga, kunyange zvazvo isina kukwana, yekutarisa mararamiro, kuwanikwa kwezvivakwa uye simba rekushandiswa kwevhu kupfuura mamepu anongoratidza miganhu yenzvimbo dzakavakwa.
Kubva pakugadzira mamodheru emamiriro ekunze kusvika pakugadzirisa njodzi
Kunze kwekutsanangura mapatani epasi rose, mepu yekuvaka ye3D yakagadzirirwa kuva zvinobatsira chaizvo kune akasiyana-siyana mashandisirwo. Nekuti chivako chega chega chine tsoka yakabatana, kureba uye nzvimbo, atlas inogona kupihwa zvakananga mumamodeli anoda kuratidzwa kwakadzama kwenzvimbo yakavakwa.
Imwe nzvimbo yakajeka ndeye kuongorora mamiriro ekunze nesimbaZvivako zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvine chekuita ne 40% yepasi rose CO₂ emissions, kunyanya kuburikidza nekudziyisa, kutonhodza uye kushandisa magetsi. Kuva neruzivo rwe3D rwakafanana pamusoro pezvinhu zvekuvaka pasi rese kunobvumira vaongorori kuti fungidzira zviri nani kudiwa kwesimba, tevedzera mamiriro akasiyana ekugadzirisa uye kuenzanisa kuderedzwa kweutsi hunobuda kubva mukuchinja kwekuvaka, kuputira kana dhizaini yemaguta.
Imwe nzira yekushandiswa ipapo ipapo ndeye kuderedza njodziMasangano akaita se ChiGerman Aerospace Center, iyo inobatanidzwa mu Chata Yenyika Yose: Nzvimbo neNjodzi Huru, vari kutoongorora kuti atlas ingabatsira sei kuona kuti ndeapi zvivakwa nevanhu vari kusangana nemafashamo, kudengenyeka kwenyika, kudonha kwevhu kana madutu. Neruzivo rwezvikamu zvitatu, zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti vangani vanhu vanogona kukanganiswa padzimba dzakasiyana, kana kuti huwandu hwakawanda sei huri munzvimbo ine mafashamo.
Kune vanoronga maguta nevakuru vemunharaunda, kuva ne 3D yekutanga inoenderana kunovhura mikana yekutevedzera zvirongwa zvisati zvavakwa. Hurumende dzemaguta dzinogona, semuenzaniso, tsvaga nzvimbo dzine dzimba dziri pasi zvakanyanya pezvinodiwa nevanhu, tsvaga nzvimbo dzinogona kushandiswa pakudzidzisa zvikoro zvitsva kana nzvimbo dzehutano uye edza kuti kuwedzera nzvimbo dzakasvibira kana kuchinja marongerwo emigwagwa kunogona kukanganisa sei kupisa kana kupinda munzvimbo dzacho.
Kuvhurika kwedata reseti ndicho chinhu chakakosha. Atlas inowanikwa online kuburikidza ne inoshanda mepu inoshanda nenzira iyo vashandisi vazhinji vanozoziva: munhu anogona kutenderedza, kusimudza, kusarudza ma layers akasiyana ekumashure akadai semamepu akajairwa kana maonero esatellite, uye kutsvaga nzvimbo dzakatarwa nemazita kana kero. Vashandisi vanogona kuchinja pakati kuratidzwa kwevhoriyamu uye kuratidzwa kweLoD1 3D block kuti vaongorore guta ravo kana nzvimbo dziri kure.
Kune avo vanoda mukana wakadzama, chinangwa chikuru data nekodhi zvinogona kutorwa kubva kuGitHubIzvi zvinobvumira vaongorori, masangano ehurumende uye kunyange makambani akazvimirira kuti vaite ongororo dzavo, vabatanidze maatlases muhurongwa huripo kana kushandisa yakachengetedzwa magirafu databases kumiririra hukama hwakaoma.
Kutarisa kukura kwemaguta munguva pfupi iri kutevera
Chimwe chezvipikirwa zvinofadza zveGlobalBuildingAtlas ndechekuti haifanirwe kuramba iri mufananidzo wegore ra2019 kamwe chete. Nekuti pombi iyi yakavakirwa pa data resatellite rinogara richiwanikwa uye mamodheru akadzidziswa, anogona, musimboti, kudzokororwa nguva nenguva kuti abudise maonero matsva ezvivakwa zvepasi rose.
Nyanzvi yekuronga maguta Dorina Pojani, kubva kuYunivhesiti yeQueensland, vakasimbisa kuti izvi zvinogona kubvumidza vaongorori nevanoita mitemo kuti tevera kushanduka kwemaguta mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi anotevera, pane kuvimba nekuverengwa kwevanhu kusingawanzoitiki kana seti dzedata dzemuno dzisingawanzo wiriraniswa munyika dzese.
Mumatunhu uko Ruzivo rwekuronga haruna kukwana kana kuti rwechinyakare, semaguta echipiri ari kukura nekukurumidza muAfrica kana Asia, izvi zvinogona kupa hwaro hwekutanga hwakavimbika uye hwazvino hwenzvimbo yakavakwa. Varongi vaizokwanisa kuona, semuenzaniso, kuti misha isina kurongeka inowedzera sei, uko nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzinopinda muvhu rekurima kana kuti ndedzipi nzvimbo dziri pedyo nemaguta dziri kuzadzwa nekuvakwa kutsva.
Pazvidzidzo zvehuwandu hwevanhu nehupfumi hwevanhu, shanduko dzenguva dzakadai dzinogona kusanganiswa nefungidziro dzehuwandu hwevanhu kusvika tarisa kuti vhoriyamu yekuvaka pamunhu inochinja sei nekufamba kwenguvaDzimwe nzvimbo dziri kuwana dzimba nezvivakwa here, kana kuti kusawirirana kuri kuwedzera here? Ndeapi marongero ane chekuita nekukura kwakaringana kwehuwandu hwevanhu hwakavakwa uye huwandu hwevanhu?
Kubva pamaonero ehunyanzvi, mukana wekuvandudzwa kakawanda unoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita se kuwanikwa kwedata resatellite, zviwanikwa zvemakombiyuta uye kugona kunatsiridza mamodheru nedata idzva remareferensi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina kumiririrwa zvakakwana. Kunyange zvakadaro, nzira yakaratidzwa yemepu ya2019 inopa template ye "mifananidzo" yemangwana yezvivakwa zvepasi rose.
Kuferefeta pachena, hutongi uye kunyange huori
Kunze kwekuronga zvinhu zvemuviri uye zvidzidzo zvemamiriro ekunze, atlas inogonawo kuva nemigumisiro kune utongi uye pachenaNekuti zvinoita kuti pave nekubatana kwakarongeka pakati pekuvapo kwezvivakwa nemamwe madhatabhesi, vamwe vaongorori vanoiona senzira yekutsvaga kuti simba nemari zvinoumba sei nharaunda yakavakwa.
Nyanzvi yekuronga maguta Dorina Pojani akataura kuti, musimboti, munhu anogona kushandisa data rechikamu chekuvaka kuti batanidza mapurojekiti chaiwo nevagadziri vemapurojekiti, makambani kana vanoita zvematongerwo enyikaNekufukidza marejista evhu, zvinyorwa zvemakambani kana data rekutenga kweveruzhinji, vaongorori vanogona kutanga kubvunza kana mamwe ma network evanhu aine huwandu hwakakura mu mapurojekiti anokosha kana kuti anowanikwa munzvimbo dzakarongeka, inotsigirwa Amazon Neptune.
Ongororo dzakadaro dzinogona kubatsira mukudzidza nezve huori hwemaguta, kufungidzira nezvevhu uye kubata maitiro ekurongaZvingabatsira kuona maitiro apo kukura kwezvivakwa kunoenderana nekuchinja kwemitemo, kana kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzinowana budiriro yepamusoro-soro kakawanda nepo dzimwe dzichiramba dzichiregeredzwa.
Imwe nyanzvi, Liton Kamruzzaman kubva kuMonash University, akasimbisa kuti atlas inopa kukosha kwakakosha munyika dzine parizvino hapana ruzivo rwekuronga rwakavimbikaMumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, uko kunyange mamepu ekutanga ekuwedzera kwemaguta angave asipo, kuwanikwa kwechivakwa chepasi rose che3D kunogona kutsigira hurukuro yakajeka pamusoro pekuti maguta ari kukura sei, ndeapi nharaunda anowana zvivakwa uye kuti njodzi nezvinhu zvinodiwa zvinogoverwa sei.
Ehe, atlas haipe mufananidzo wakazara wekuva muridzi, kodzero dzekugara kana mamiriro emagariro evanhu. Zvisinei, nekugadzira divi renyaya rinoonekwa zvakanyanya uye rinoyerwa, inogona kushanda senzvimbo yekutanga yekukurukurirana kwakanyatsojeka nezve kuenzana, kururamisira uye kuzvidavirira mukukura kwemaguta.
Tichitarisa mberi, chokwadi chekuti data reseti iri yeruzhinji uye inogona kudzokororwa zvinoreva kuti vatori venhau, masangano eruzhinji nevaongorori vanogona kuyedza vega zvakataurwa nezvemaitiro ekuvaka, kupa zvivakwa kana mhedzisiro yezvirongwa zvikuru zvekuvandudza, pane kungovimba nenhamba dzepamutemo chete.
Munzvimbo idzi dzese—zvidzidzo zvemumaguta, sainzi yemamiriro ekunze, manejimendi yenjodzi uye hutongi—nyaya itsva Mepu ye3D yezvivakwa zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 2.75 chiratidzo chekuchinja kwedanho rekuti nharaunda yakavakwa pasi rose inogona kucherechedzwa uye kuongororwa sei. Nekutsiva mufananidzo wakatwasuka, usina kujeka nechinhu chine mativi matatu, GlobalBuildingAtlas inopa chimiro chakafanana chekunzwisisa kuti vanhu vanogara kupi uye sei, chii chakavakirwa ivo uye kuti huwandu hwakavakwa ihwohwo hunogovaniswa zvisina kuenzana sei.
