Masevhisi Madiki Mugore: Musika, Magadzirirwo Ezvivakwa uye Kugamuchirwa Kwenyika Chaiyo

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Masevhisi madiki emugore akakurumidza kuchinja kubva pakuedza kwekuvaka kuenda kunzira yakajairika inotungamira vatambi vedhijitari kuvaka nekuwedzera software, uye data remusika, mafambiro evatengesi uye zvidzidzo zvezviitiko zvepasirese zvese zvinonongedzera kudivi rimwe chete: masangano anonyanya kushandisa microservices anowana mukana wekuvaka mukufamba kwenguva, kukura uye kumhanya kwekuvandudza. Kubva kuNetflix inobata mafambiro epamusoro ekutepfenyura kusvika kumabhangi ari kugadzirisa nzira dzekubhadhara dzenguva chaiyo, microservices dziri mugore ikozvino dziri pakati pekuti masevhisi edhijitari anokura sei pasina kuparara.

Panguva imwe chete, nhau neongororo pamusoro pema microservices zvinoratidza chokwadi chakanyatsojeka kupfuura kungotaura zvisina musoro, nematambudziko akaomarara pamusoro pekuoma kwakapararira, kuchengetedzeka, kutama kubva kuma monoliths uye musiyano wehunyanzvi uyo mapoka mazhinji aisakoshesa pakutanga. Muchinyorwa chino tinonyura zvakadzama mukushanda kwema microservices, matekinoroji anotsigira akadai semakontena, Kubernetes uye service meshes, chimiro chemusika wepasi rose we cloud microservices, maitiro makuru akadai sekubatanidzwa kweAI/ML, uye mafambiro ehunyanzvi evatengesi nemabhizinesi ari kutsanangura patsva maindasitiri ese.

Mashandiro anoita microservices munzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzegore

Mukuita, ma microservices akavakwa senzira dzakazvimirira dzinoratidza kugona kwakajeka uchishandisa RESTful APIs, mitsara yemeseji isina kurongeka kana mitsetse yezviitiko zve real-time analysis, uye vanotaurirana kuburikidza netiweki kuti vagovane data uye vatange zviito. Sevhisi yega yega ine basa rakatarisana, uye application inotarisana nemushandisi inowanzo ronga mafoni kune akawanda masevhisi emukati kuitira kupindura chikumbiro chemushandisi mumwe chete.

Muenzaniso chaiwo wezvinhu zvinoitika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva inyaya yekuendeswa kwechikafu yakafanana neUber Eats, uko masevhisi madiki akasiyana anoongorora kuwanikwa kwemaresitorendi, kuverenga nguva dzekutumira, kugadzirisa kubhadhara, kupa mutumwa, kutumira zviziviso uye kugadzirisa ruzivo rwekutevera. Gedhi reAPI rinowanzo kuve pamucheto senzvimbo imwe chete yekupinda, richitumira zvikumbiro kumasevhisi madiki akakodzera, richibata kusimbiswa, richiganhurira mitengo uye dzimwe nguva shanduko dzekutanga.

Tekinoroji yemidziyo yekuisa zvinhu mumidziyo yave nzira yekurongedza zvinhu zve microservices nekuti macontainers (semuenzaniso Docker images) anounganidza service code ine runtime yayo uye dependencies mu portable unit. Izvi zvinoreva kuti microservice image imwecheteyo inofamba nenzira inofanotaurwa pa developer laptop, staging cluster uye multi-region production environment, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya "mabasa pa muchina wangu" zvinoshamisa.

Mapuratifomu ekutamba mitambo akaita seKubernetes anozoendesa mabasa madiki ari mumidziyo kuenda padanho rinotevera. nekuita otomatiki kutumirwa, kukura, kuwanikwa kwebasa, load balancing, kuongororwa kwehutano uye kuzviporesa. Kana kontena ikadonha, Kubernetes inoitangazve; kana traffic ikakwira kune imwe endpoint, murongi anogona kutenderedza mamwe makomputa ebasa rinoenderana, anowanzo konzerwa otomatiki nematanho ekuongorora.

Vanopa mabasa makuru e "cloud" vanosanganisira AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform neIBM Cloud ikozvino vanopa nzira dzakapfuma dzekuchengetedza ma "microservices", Kuvhara kurongeka kwemakontena (EKS, AKS, GKE, OpenShift), managed service meshes, API gateways, distribution tracing, logging, configuration management uye fully managed databases yakagadzirirwa mabasa ema microservices.

Kupfuura magaba nevanoronga, mapoka anovimba nebhokisi rezvishandiso riri kukura kuti achengetedze nzvimbo huru dzema microservices dziri pasi pekutonga, zvakaita semasevhisi (Istio, Linkerd) ekutaurirana kwakachengeteka uye kunoonekwa pakati pemasevhisi, maturusi ekutevera akagoverwa kuti atevere chikumbiro mumasevhisi akawanda, mapuratifomu ekutonga maAPI ekutonga ma interfaces ekunze neemukati, nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa dzakatarwa pamwe neakaunganidzwa ekunyora maakaundi anodhonza maakaundi kubva kumasevhisi mazhinji kuenda kunzvimbo imwe chete inogona kutsvakwa.

Mabhenefiti makuru ebhizinesi rema microservices architectures

Imwe yenharo dzakasimba dzinotsigira microservices ndeye kugona kwesangano, nekuti zvivakwa zvinokurudzira zvikwata zvidiki, zvinoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvine mabasa ega ega kubva kumagumo kusvika kumagumo. Chikwata chega chega chinoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akajeka, chinogona kusarudza tekinoroji zvakasununguka, uye chinogona kutumira zviziviso zvakazvimirira kubva kune mamwe zvikwata, izvo zvinopfupisa kutenderera kwekuvandudza uye zvinovhura kuyedza kwebhizinesi nekukurumidza.

Kuyera kwakapfava uye kwakaringana ndeimwe mukana mukuru, sezvo microservice yega yega inogona kukura yakazvimirira zvichienderana nekudiwa kwehunyanzvi hwayo pane kuwedzera monolith yese. Izvi zvinobvumira makambani kuenzanisa zviwanikwa zvezvivakwa zvakanyanya nekushandiswa chaiko, kunzwisisa mutengo wezvinhu zvega zvega, uye kuchengetedza nzira dzakakosha dziripo kunyangwe mamwe masevhisi akaona kukwira kwekuda kamwe kamwe.

Kutumira mabasa kunova nyore uye kwakachengeteka kana masevhisi ari madiki uye achigona kuburitswa ega, zvichibvumira kubatanidzwa kunoramba kuripo uye nzira dzekuendesa zvinhu nguva dzose (CI/CD) kuti dzifambise shanduko dzinoitika nguva nenguva. Mapoka anogona kuyedza mazano matsva, kuburitsa zvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma, kushandisa nzira dzekugadzira zvinhu dzemhando ye "canary" kana "blue-green", uye nekukurumidza kudzosera sevhisi imwe chete kana chimwe chinhu chikafamba zvisina kunaka, zvese izvi zvinoderedza njodzi nenguva yekutenga mashandiro matsva.

Microservices zvakare inovhura rusununguko rwakakosha rwetekinoroji kumapoka einjiniya, sezvo magadzirirwo acho asingamanikidze tekinoroji imwe chete inokodzera zvese. Kambani inogona kumhanyisa injini yekukurudzira ine hunyanzvi hwakawanda mumutauro mumwe wepurogiramu, sevhisi yekubhadhara mune mumwe, uye kuyedza nezvitoro zvakasiyana zvedata pasevhisi imwe neimwe, ichisarudza chishandiso chakanakisa chebasa rega rega pasina kufanira kunyora patsva sisitimu yese.

Masevhisi madiki akagadzirwa zvakanaka anova zvidhinha zvekuvaka zvinogona kushandiswazve mukambani yese, sezvo kupatsanura sisitimu kuita mamodule madiki, akanyatsotsanangurwa kunobvumira zvikwata kushandisazve masevhisi aripo sezvinhu zvinogona kugadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zvitsva kana maficha. Panzvimbo pekuvakazve maprofile evashandisi, zviziviso kana kubhadharisa kubva pakutanga, zvirongwa zvitsva zvinogona kungoronga masevhisi aripo nenzira itsva.

Kusimba kwemuviri kwakakwira mumabasa madiki kana tichienzanisa nema monoliths akabatana zvakasimba, nekuti kukundikana kwebasa rimwe chete hakufanirwe kuita kuti system ibude zvachose. Nekukanganisa kwakakodzera uye nzira dzakaderera, application inogona kuramba ichishanda isina mashandiro akakwana kana masevhisi asiri akakosha akaita zvisizvo, zvichivandudza kusimba kwese uye ruzivo rwemushandisi mumamiriro ekukundikana.

Hunhu hukuru hwekuvaka kwemicroservices

Vatungamiriri vepfungwa vakaita saMartin Fowler vakaratidza hunhu hunogara huchidzokororwa hunogovana nevakawanda vema microservices architectures, uye kunzwisisa mapatani aya kunobatsira mapoka kugadzira masisitimu anobatsirwa nema microservices pasina kurasikirwa nekudzora kuoma kwezvinhu.

Chekutanga, ma microservices anoshandisa masevhisi sechikamu che componentiation, zvichireva kuti mashandiro acho akaiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvinogona kushandiswa zvinogona kuchinjwa uye kutumirwa zviri zvega. Pane kutumirazve application hombe kuti igadziriswe zvishoma, zvikwata zvinongogadzirisa microservice yakakanganiswa uye zvinosiya zvimwe zvese zvesystem zvisina kugadziriswa.

Chechipiri, zvikwata zvinowanzo rongwa zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwebhizinesi pane hunyanzvi, Kusiyana zvikuru nemaitiro ekare e monolith apo mapoka akasiyana aive neUI, database kana back-end. Munyika ine microservices, mapoka anoshanda zvakasiyana ane kugona kwe "end-to-end" kwakadai se "checkout", "inventory" kana "recommendations" uye anobvumira masevhisi avo kutaurirana kuburikidza nemeseji kana maAPI.

Chechitatu, kufunga nezve microservices kunokurudzira mafungiro ekuti "chigadzirwa, kwete chirongwa", apo timu ine sevhisi yehupenyu hwayo hwese pane kuiendesa kudhipatimendi rekugadzirisa mushure mechikamu chekutanga chepurojekiti. Kuva muridzi wekambani kwenguva refu uku kunopa vagadziri mukana wekutaura zvakananga kubva kune maitiro ekugadzira uye vashandisi chaivo, izvo zvinowanzo tungamira kune mhando iri nani uye kushanda pamwe chete kwakasimba mubhizinesi neinjiniya.

Chechina, kutaurirana kunotevera pfungwa yekuti "magumo akangwara, mapaipi asina musoro", zvakafanana nezvishandiso zveUnix zvekare zvinoita chimwe chinhu zvakanaka. Microservice yega yega inogamuchira chikumbiro, inoita logic yayo chaiyo uye inodzosera mhinduro, nepo layer yekutaurirana (message broker, HTTP routing, API gateway) zviri nani irambe iri nyore, inonyanya kutarisira kutakura mameseji pane kuisa logic yakaoma.

Cheshanu, hutongi mumabasa madiki hunogoverwa nemaune, nekuti kusimbisa puratifomu imwe chete kana mwero wakasimba mumasevhisi ese kunowanzo tungamira kumagadzirirwo akaomarara, anofamba zvishoma nezvishoma. Pane kudaro, masangano anobvumira mastacks kana ma framework akasiyana pazvinenge zvakakodzera—semuenzaniso, seti yemasevhisi akavakwa neSpring Boot, mamwe paNode.js kana Go—ukuwo achisimbisa seti diki yematanho akasiyana-siyana akadai sekuchengetedza, kucherechedzwa uye zvibvumirano zveAPI.

Chechitanhatu, manejimendi yedata inogoverwawo munzvimbo dzakasiyana, nepo sevhisi yega yega ichiwanzova nedhatabhesi rayo uye masisitimu ekuchengetera data, iyo inodzivirira marongero makuru, akabatana zvakasimba anova zvipingamupinyi zvekuchinja. Nzira iyi inobvumira kushandisa dhata rakakodzera pane imwe sevhisi - hukama, gwaro, kukosha kwekiyi kana nguva - ukuwo ichibvisa kutamiswa kwedatabase kwakarongeka muhurongwa hwese. Masisitimu ekuchengetera data saka kusarudza isarudzo yakakosha yekugadzira.

Chechinomwe, otomatiki yezvivakwa inofanirwa kushandiswa mune chero microservices yakakura, nekuti kuisa nekubata mabasa akawanda kana mazana nemaoko hazvigoneki. Mapaipi eCI/CD, zvivakwa sekodhi, kuyedza otomatiki uye kuiswa kwemitemo kunogonesa kuburitswa nekukurumidza uye kwakavimbika kunoita kuti vagadziri varambe vachishanda nesimba.

Chechisere, ma microservices akagadzirwa zvakananga nepfungwa yekukundikana, vachiziva kuti masisitimu akapararira achasangana nematambudziko enetwork, kudzima kwechikamu uye matambudziko ekuvimba. Matimu anoshandisa maitiro akadai semacircuit breakers, bulkheads, retrys ne backoff uye timeouts, zvichitsigirwa nekutarisa kwakazara uye kunyora kuitira kuti zvikanganiso zvigone kudzorwa, kuongororwa uye kugadziriswa nekukurumidza.

Chepfumbamwe, magadzirirwo ema microservices anokurudzira dhizaini yekushanduka-shanduka, izvo zvakakosha munzvimbo yehunyanzvi umo zvishandiso, maprotocol uye zvinotarisirwa nevatengi zvinochinja nguva dzose. Nekuti masevhisi anopatsanurwa kuita mayuniti madiki, mapoka anogona kugadzirisa, kutsiva kana kugadzirisa zvachose ma microservices ega ega pasina kuparadza application yese, zvichipa mukana wesystem kuti ishanduke nenzira yepanyama.

Mhedzisiro yeCOVID-19 uye kukurumidza kwekukura kwemusika

Denda reCOVID-19 rakashanda senzira ine simba yekukurumidzisa kushandiswa kwema "cloud microservices", sezvo masangano akangoerekana ada hunyanzvi hwedhijitari, magadzirirwo ari kure uye kugona kuwedzera masevhisi epamhepo zvakanyanya munguva pfupi. Makambani akange atotamisa mabasa makuru kuenda kuma microservices emuno ecloud aive munzvimbo iri nani yekuchinjika.

Mapuratifomu ekuparadzira mashoko akaita seNetflix akava mienzaniso inoratidza kuti ma microservices anogona sei kutora kukwira kukuru kwekudiwa kwemashoko, kugadzirisa kuwanda kwevanhu vanofamba panguva yekuvharirwa kwemotokari nekuzvimiririra kuwedzera zvikamu zvemasisitimu avo zvakaita semavhidhiyo, mainjini ekukurudzira kana manejimendi emusangano, pasina kuderedza puratifomu yese.

Zvisinei, denda iri rakaratidzawo kunetseka kutsva pamusoro pekuchengetedzeka nekubatanidzwa apo ma microservices akawedzera nekukurumidza, sezvo mapoka akamhanyira kutumira zvinhu zvedhijitari uye dzimwe nguva akarega kuomesa, kutonga kana kutarisisa nguva dzose. Izvi zvakaratidza kukosha kwemaitiro akasimba ekuvaka uye kugona kwemapuratifomu kunyangwe—kana kunyanya—pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwenguva.

Pakazara, dambudziko iri rakasimbisa kukosha kwemagadzirirwo anochinjika uye anogona kukura uko masevhisi akazvimiririra anogona kugadziriswa, kuwedzerwa uye kushandiswa pasina mahwindo makuru ekugadzirisa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekudyara mari mumasevhisi madiki egore muzvikamu zvakaita sezvehutano, mabhangi, logistics uye zvitoro.

Saizi yemusika wepasi rose we cloud microservices uye chimiro

Ongororo yemusika inoratidza kuti musika we "cloud microservices" uri kukura nekukurumidza, nefungidziro dziri kuisa kukosha kwayo pamadhora anodarika mabhiriyoni 1.4-1.9 emadhora pakati pema2020 uye fungidziro dziri kusvika pamabhiriyoni epamusoro emadhora gumi mukati memakore gumi anotevera, zvichitsigirwa nekukura kwegore negore kuri pakati pe20-22%. Kukura uku kwakabatana zvakananga nekuwedzera kwemapurogiramu emafoni, kushandiswa kwemafuru uye kushandiswa kwedhijitari muhupfumi huri kusimukira.

Makambani makuru pari zvino ndiwo ane mugove wakawanda wemari inowanikwa—kazhinji inopfuura zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvemusika— kushandisa microservices kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara, kuvandudza scalability uye kukurumidzisa hunyanzvi. Vanopa mabasa makuru egore vakaita seAWS neMicrosoft Azure vanoshingairira kutarisa chikamu ichi nemhinduro dzinobva kumagumo dzinotsigira kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa zvirongwa zve microservices.

Musika unowanzo kupatsanurwa nezvikamu muzvikamu nemasevhisi, uko mapuratifomu anosanganisira kuronga makontena, maAPI gateways, kuwanikwa kwebasa, maturusi ekuchengetedza nekutarisa, uye masevhisi anofukidza mazano, kubatanidzwa, kudzidziswa, rutsigiro uye mabasa ari kuenderera mberi anotarisirwa. Zvipo zvepuratifomu zvinotarisirwa kuwana mugove mukuru wemari, sezvo zvichipa maturusi ekutanga ekuvaka nekushandisa microservices pahukuru.

Maitiro ekutumira zvinhu anoparadzanisa musika kuita makore everuzhinji, akavanzika uye emahybrid, negore reveruzhinji richitungamira mukuwana mari nekuda kwekusimba kwaro uye huwandu hwebasa rayo, nepo mamodheru ehybrid achikura nekukurumidza sezvo masangano achiramba aine mabasa akasimba kana anodzorwa munzvimbo dzakavanzika asi achiri kuda kushandisa chiyero chegore reveruzhinji kune mamwe masevhisi.

Maindasitiri ekushandisa ekupedzisira anoshandisa ma "cloud microservices" anoumba runyorwa rurefu, kusanganisira BFSI (mabhanga, mabasa emari neinishuwarenzi), hutano, IT nefoni, dzidzo, midhiya nevaraidzo, zvinhu zvekutengesa nevatengi, hurumende, kugadzira, kutakurwa, logistics nezvimwe, chimwe nechimwe chine mitemo yaro uye mashandiro ayo anoumba sarudzo dzezvivakwa.

Maonero enharaunda ekushandiswa kwe "cloud microservices"

North America parizvino iri kutungamira mumusika we "cloud microservices" nechikamu chimwe muzvitatu kusvika pachikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemari inowanikwa pasi rose, zvinotungamirirwa nehurongwa hwemazuva ano hwe tekinoroji, tsika dzakasimba dzedhijitari muzvikamu zvakaita se e-commerce, fintech ne healthtech, uye kuvapo kwevanopa mabasa makuru egore nevatengesi vematurusi munharaunda.

United States inonyanya kumirira chikamu chikuru chezvinodiwa zveNorth America, sezvo makambani achinyanya kukoshesa kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zve "cloud native", kushandisa ma "containers" ne "Kubernetes", uye kuisa mari mukugadzirisa masisitimu ekare kuita ma "microservices" kuti awane kugona uye kuburitsa zvinhu nekukurumidza.

Europe inoratidza kukura kwakasimba uye kwakasimba mukushandiswa kwemabasa madiki, zvichikanganiswa nemitemo yakasimba yekutonga kwedata uye kusundidzira kwakasimba kwekushandurwa kwedhijitari mukugadzira, masevhisi emari uye masangano ehurumende. Nyika dzakadai seGermany, France, UK, Spain neItaly dziri kuvandudza masisitimu akakosha achishandisa masevhisi madiki akabatana kuti asvike pazvinodiwa zvekutevedzera mitemo yedunhu uye mashandiro aro.

UK neGermany dzinoonekwa muEurope nekukura kwakakosha kunotarisirwa, sezvo mabhizinesi achitsvaga zvivakwa zveIT zvinokura uye zvinogara kwenguva refu uye nguva yekusvika pamusika inokurumidziswa. Vashandi vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, mari yakawanda muzvivakwa zvegore uye tsika yakasimba yehunyanzvi hweinjiniya zvese zvinobatsira mukusimudzirwa kwemabasa madiki mumisika iyi.

Asia-Pacific inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzvimbo iri kukura nekukurumidza yemabasa e "cloud microservices", zvinokurudzirwa nekukurumidza kwekushandiswa kwedhijitari, kupararira kweInternet uye zvirongwa zvehurumende zvinoshanda zvinokurudzira kushandiswa kwecloud munyika dzakadai seChina, India neJapan. Huwandu hwakawanda hwevagadziri vecloud uye kubuda kwevanotsigira cloud munharaunda zvinowedzera simba.

MuAsia Pacific, Japan neChina dzinopa nyaya dzakasiyana asi dzine simba dzekukura, Japan ichikoshesa kuvimbika uye masisitimu epamusoro-soro egore mumari nekugadzira, ukuwo hupfumi hukuru hwedhijitari hweChina uye zvirongwa zvemaguta akangwara zvichikonzera kudiwa kwemasevhisi madiki mukutengeserana kwepamhepo, fintech uye mapuratifomu makuru ehurumende.

Dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadai seLatin America neMiddle East neAfrica dziri kuwedzerawo mikana yadzo yekubatsira vatengi vavo kuwana mabasa e "cloud microservices", sezvo Brazil, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, UAE, South Africa nedzimwe dzichiwedzera zvivakwa zvavo zvedhijitari uye dzichikoka vanopa mabasa egore nevanoshanda navo tekinoroji kuti vatsigire zvirongwa zveshanduko zvenyika nezvikamu zvakasiyana.

Maitiro emusika: zvinokonzeresa, matambudziko uye mafambiro makuru

Kubva pamaonero ekudiwa, chinhu chakasimba chinoita kuti cloud microservices ivepo ndechekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwemapurogiramu anochinjika uye anogona kukura, uko mabhizinesi anoda kuburitsa zvinhu nekukurumidza, kupindura shanduko dzemusika nekukurumidza uye kuwedzera kugona kwakanangana pasina kupa masisitimu ese zvakawandisa. Mienzaniso chaiyo inosanganisira Netflix kuwedzera kushambadzira uye mazano yakazvimiririra kana Shopify kuwedzera kugona kwechitoro uye kugadzirisa maodha panguva dzemwaka dzakanyanya.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekuwedzera kushandiswa kweDevOps uye nzira dzekutumira dzinoenderera mberi, sezvo ma microservices achienderana nemapombi emagetsi, zvivakwa sekodhi uye kuburitswa kudiki kunowanzoitika. Masangano anogamuchira DevOps anowanzoona kuti dhizaini yema microservices inoita kuti zvive nyore kupa mutoro webasa pamwe nekupfupisa feedback loops.

Kune rumwe rutivi, kuoma kwekutarisira masisitimu akapararira kuchiri chipingamupinyi chikuru, sezvo kuronga makumi kana mazana emasevhisi kunounza matambudziko mukutaurirana pakati pemasevhisi, kutarisa, kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kugara zvakanaka kwedata. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti masevhisi anobatana nemazvo panguva imwe chete nekunonoka kwenetwork uye kutadza zvishoma kunoda maturusi matsva, hunyanzvi uye mamodheru epfungwa.

Nyaya dzekuchengetedza nekutevedzera mitemo dziri kupararirawo munhau dze "cloud microservices" nekuongorora, nekuti sevhisi yega yega inowedzera nzvimbo yekurwiswa, zvakavanzika, marongero uye nzira dzenetwork dzinofanira kuchengetedzwa. Kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemutemo mumabhanga, hutano kana mamiriro ehurumende zvinowanzoda kuzivikanwa kwakasimba, encryption, audit uye kusimbiswa kwemitemo munzvimbo yese ye microservices.

Imwe yemaitiro akakurumbira ndeyekubatana kwema microservices neAI uye kudzidza kwemuchina, sezvo mapuratifomu egore achibatanidza kugona kweAI/ML (AI Ops) zvakananga muma microservices workflows. Semuenzaniso, Google Cloud yakaunza kugadzirisa mabasa ebasa anotungamirirwa neAI munzvimbo dzakadai seAnthos, ichishandisa ML kuongorora mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa uye kugadzirisa otomatiki maitiro ekuyera, nepo AWS yakavandudza SageMaker kuti ive nyore kushandira maML models se microservices dzakazvimiririra.

Masangano ari kuramba achishandisa AI/ML kuita kuti sarudzo dzekuisa zvinhu pabasa dziite otomatiki, kufanotaura zviitiko uye kugadzirisa kugoverwa kwezviwanikwa, kugadzira mapurogiramu emhando yepamusoro uye anopindura zviri nyore. Kusanganiswa uku kwemabasa e microservices uye mashandiro anofambiswa neAI kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yekushandisa uye kuvandudza mashandiro padanho repamusoro.

Imwe nzira yakajeka ndeyekuwedzera kwemamodheru asina server uye anoshanda semasevhisi anosangana nema microservices, uko mamwe mabasa ekushanda anoitwa semabasa enguva pfupi, anotungamirirwa nezviitiko izvo zvinobvisa zvachose manejimendi yezvivakwa. Izvi zvinobvumira zvikwata kuti zvitarise chete pane logic yebhizinesi ukuwo cloud platform ichibata kupa, kuwedzera uye kubhadharisa pakuita kwega kwega.

Kupa mazano, kubatanidza uye kutarisirwa kwemabasa kuri kukurawo nekukurumidza mukati me microservices ecosystem, sezvo masangano mazhinji asina hunyanzvi hwekugadzira, kushandisa uye kushandisa magadzirirwo akaomarara egore. Makambani ekupa mazano epasi rose nemakambani ekugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana anopa mazano, dhizaini, kuvandudza uye mabasa ekutarisira aripo kubatsira mabhizinesi kudzivirira matambudziko akajairika.

Maitiro ekushandiswa kwemakambani akasiyana uye mashandisirwo awo

Chikamu cheIT ne telecom chinowanzova chekutanga uye chakasimba kushandisa microservices mugore, zvichiratidza kuvimba kwayo nezvivakwa zvedhijitari zvinogona kukura, uye kujairana kwayo nemasisitimu akapararira. Vanoshanda nefoni, semuenzaniso, vanoshandisa microservices kuendesa mabasa matsva enetwork uye ruzivo rwevatengi nekukurumidza.

Masevhisi emari nemabhanga (BFSI) ari kukurumidza kugamuchira masevhisi madiki ekubhadhara panguva chaiyo, mawallet edhijitari uye maAPI ebhangi akavhurika, kushandisa masevhisi akazvimiririra kubata manejimendi emaakaundi, maakaundi ari paindaneti, kufanotaura mari uye kuona hutsotsi uku vachizadzisa zvinodiwa nemutemo wakaoma. Vatengesi vakaita seOracle vakaparura masutu emabhanga akavakirwa pamicroservices kubatsira masangano kuvandudza macores ekare nenzira inofambira mberi.

Vanopa hutano nemapuratifomu ehutano vanoshandisa cloud microservices kutsigira telemedicine, ma digital patient portals uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata, kazhinji kusanganisa ma microservices ane maitiro akasimba ekunyora uye ekutevera mitemo. Kushanda pamwe chete kwakafanana neGoogle Cloud nemakambani makuru ezvipatara kunoratidza kuti ma microservices architectures anotsigira sei masevhisi evarwere anogona kukura uye akachengeteka uye kugadziriswa kwedata rekiriniki.

Kutengeserana nekutengesa paindaneti kuri kuona kukura kuri kukurumidza mukushandiswa kwemabasa madiki, nekuti zvikamu izvi zvinoda mapuratifomu akasununguka zvikuru anogona kubata kutengesa kweflash, vatengi vepasi rose uye zviitiko zvakagadzirwa nevanhu. Microservices inobvumira zvikwata kuti zviite nekukurumidza pakutsvaga, mazano, mitengo, kubhadhara uye kuzadzisa maodha pasina kukanganisa kugadzikana kwechitoro chose.

Kugadzira, kutakura zvinhu uye kutakura zvinhu zvinobatsirwawo nekupatsanurwa kunoitwa ne microservices, vachishandisa masevhisi akazvimiririra kutarisira macheni ekupa, zvishandiso zvakabatana, telematics uye kugadzirisa mafambiro emota. Vatengesi vemotokari vari kuvaka mapuratifomu egore akavakirwa pamasevhisi madiki anobatanidza masisitimu emotokari nekuongorora kwegore uye kugona kwekuvandudza mafambiro emota.

Nzvimbo yevatengesi, mafambiro ehurongwa uye kufambira mberi kwazvino

Nzvimbo yekukwikwidzana muma "cloud microservices" inotongwa nevanopa tekinoroji vakuru, vanozivikanwa uye nharaunda ine nyanzvi, kusanganisira AWS, Microsoft, Google Cloud, IBM, Oracle, Salesforce, Broadcom, Atos, Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services, New Relic, NGINX, nedzimwe dzakawanda dzinopa mapuratifomu, maturusi nemasevhisi ekuvaka, kumhanya nekutarisa ma microservices pahukuru.

Makambani aya ari kuramba achiwedzera maportfolio avo nekutenga, kutanga zvigadzirwa zvitsva uye kubatana kwakanangana, Chinangwa chayo ndechekufukidza zvakawanda zvehupenyu hwema microservices—kubva pakugadzira nekugadzira kusvika pakuisa, kuchengetedzeka uye kucherechedzwa. Semuenzaniso, IBM yakasimbisa kugona kwayo kwegore nedhatabhesi zvine chekuita nema microservices kuburikidza nekutenga kwakarongeka.

Nhau dzemuindasitiri dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti ma microservices ne cloud zviri kuchinja sei ma verticals chaiwo, senge mupi wemotokari ari kuburitsa puratifomu yakavakirwa pamasevhisi madiki yakagadzirirwa kupa mhinduro dzisina simba dzehardware nesoftware dzinoderedza huremu neutsi hwemotokari dzekutanga, kana mabhanga makuru anoshandisa masevhisi madiki egore kuti abhadhare panguva chaiyo uye atarisire mari.

Muhutano uye fintech, kushanda pamwe chete nevanopa ma "highscale cloud" kunoratidza kuti ma "microservices" anovhura sei ruzivo rutsva rwedhijitari, kubva pamapuratifomu akakwana ehutano hweterevhizheni ane masevhisi ekutumira nekubvunzana akabatanidzwa, kusvika kumapuratifomu ebhangi echizvarwa chinotevera anotsigira mazana emabasa emari akasiyana akavakwa semasevhisi madiki akasiyana.

Vatengesi vekuchengetedzwa kwemakombiyuta vari kunyurawo muchikamu chema microservices, kuwana makambani akatarisana nekuonekwa kwekushandisa panguva yekushandisa uye ongororo yengozi ye microservice kuitira kupa dziviriro yakabatana, yemuno yegore inonzwisisa magadzirirwo akapararira pane kungodzivirira kwemiganhu yechinyakare.

Pamwe chete, matanho aya anoratidza kubvumirana kwakajeka kweindasitiri kuti ma "cloud microservices" haasi chinhu chinopfuura asi chikamu chekutanga chezvivakwa zvemazuva ano zvedhijitari, uye makambani anodzidza kusanganisa nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuvaka, maturusi akasimba uye hutongi hwakasimba achave panzvimbo yakanakisisa yekushandisa simba rawo rose uku achigadzirisa kuoma kusingadzivisiki.