- jQuery 4.0 ndiyo yekutanga kuburitswa kukuru mumakore angangoita gumi, yakatangwa panguva yekupemberera makore makumi maviri eraibhurari, uye inotarisa pakuvandudza kwete zvinhu zvitsva zvinopenya.
- Iyi update inobvisa rutsigiro rweIE10 nemamwe mabrowser ekare, inogadzirisa zviitiko zvefocus neW3C specs, uye inobvisa zvakanyanya maAPI ekare, asina basa.
- Manyuko ejQuery akachinja kubva kuAMD kuenda kuES modules neRollup, anovandudza CSP kutevedzera Trusted Types, uye anowedzera kuderedza ma standard uye slim builds.
- Pasinei neJavaScript yemazuva ano uye ma frameworks anozivikanwa, jQuery ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya, nepfungwa dzakakamurwa pakati pevaya vanoiona seyagara iripo nevaya vachiri kukoshesa API yayo pfupi.
Mushure memakore angangoita gumi pasina kugadziriswa kukuru, jQuery 4.0 inoratidza chitsauko chitsva kune rimwe remaraibhurari ane simba zvikuru eJavaScript pawebhu. Rakarongwa kuti risvike mushure memakore makumi maviri ekupemberera kuvhurwa kwejQuery naJohn Resig, kuburitswa uku hakusi kwekunyanya kutaura nezvemazano matsva anoyevedza asi nezvekubvisa zvinhu zvekare uye kuenzanisa purojekiti nemaitiro atinovaka mabrowser nhasi.
Pane kuzvigadzira patsva, jQuery 4 ine chinangwa chekugara yakakodzera nekuvandudza musimboti wayo: kusiya rutsigiro rwemabrowser ekare, kugamuchira ma ES modules, kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kuburikidza neTrusted Types, uye kuchenesa ma API akare asina basa. Mugumisiro wacho iraibhurari isina kusimba inoenderana nemidziyo iripo, uku ichiri kuedza kusa "putsa webhu" nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemawebhusaiti anovimba nayo.
Kuburitswa kukuru kwemakore gumi kuri kuitwa
Kusvetukira ku4.0 ndiko bump yekutanga hombe vhezheni kubva pa jQuery 3 nhevedzano, ichisvika mushure menguva refu yekugadzirwa ne betas uye pre-releases kutanga kutanga kwa2024. Chikwata chakatsanangura izvi sekuburitswa kwavakaita shanduko dzavaida kwemakore asi vaisakwanisa kutumira mu patch kana zvichangobva kugadziriswa.
Kuseri kwenhamba yeshanduro kune chiitiko chakakura: jQuery yave iripo kwemakore angangoita makumi maviriJohn Resig paakatanga kuunza raibhurari muna 2006, kushanda neDOM mumabhurawuza akaita seIE, Firefox neSafari kwaive kwakaoma uye kwainetsa. jQuery yakakurumidza kuva nzira chaiyo yekugadzirisa kusawirirana ikoko, zvichiita kuti vasarudzi vakaita se $("#myspan") zvinonzwa zviri nyore kutaura kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzechivanhu dzinoshandiswa nevanhu vakawanda.
Kubudirira ikoko kwekutanga kwakaumba dandemutande. Zvichienderana neongororo dzetekinoroji dzakaitwa kwenguva refu, jQuery ichiripo pane akawanda mawebhusaiti dzinozivisa raibhurari yeJavaScript, kunyangwe ma framework matsva akadai seReact, Vue, Angular kana Svelte atora nzvimbo huru mumapurojekiti mazhinji egreenfield.
Nekushandiswa kwakawanda kwakadaro, vanochengetedza vakasimbisa kakawanda kuti havakwanise kuisa panjodzi yekutyora mapeji aripo zvisina tsarukano, kunyanya nekuti mawebhusaiti mazhinji anoisa jQuery zvakananga kubva kumaCDN eruzhinji. jQuery 4 saka inoshanda zvakanaka: inounza shanduko dzinokanganisa, asi yakagadzirwa kuitira kuti mapurojekiti mazhinji agone kusimudzira nekuchinja kushoma, zvichibatsirwa negwara rekuvandudza repamutemo uye plugin yejQuery Migrate yakagadziriswazve.
Kuguma kwenzira yeIE10 nedzimwe browser dzekare
Chimwe chezvisarudzo zvinonyanya kuonekwa muchinyorwa chino ndechekuti Internet Explorer ine makore gumi zvichikwira haichatsigirwiKuchinja uku kwagara kuchitarisirwa kwemakore, asi jQuery 4 ndiyo vhezheni inopedzisira yagura tambo, zvichiratidza kuti mabrowser aya haashandiswi zvakanyanya sei mukuongorora kwemazuva ano uye zvichikurudzira mapoka kuti kuona kushandiswa kwebrowser.
Nyaya yekusateerera mutemo inorongwa zvishoma nezvishoma: IE 11 ichiri kushanda nejQuery 4, asi timu yatoratidza kuti ichabviswa mu jQuery 5. Izvi zvinopa masangano ane zvirambidzo zvekare mukana wekufema, ukuwo zvichijekesa kuti nguva yeIE yava kusvika kumagumo.
Pamwe neIE, kune mamwe madhiri: Edge Legacy (pre‑Chromium) inonyangarika kubva muchikamu chekutsigira, pamwe chete neAndroid Browser yekare uye zvizvarwa zvekare zve iOS neFirefox. Mavhezheni mashoma ekupedzisira emabhurawuza aya, pamwe neFirefox ESR, ndiwo anochengetwa. Mapurojekiti anofanira kutsigira nharaunda dzakadaro anotarisirwa kuramba ari pamutsetse we3.x.
Kuderedza runyorwa rwebrowser iyi kwete chete zvinorerutsa kuyedza pamabhurawuza; inobvisawo zvidimbu zvakakura zvekodhi yekuenderanaIzvi zvinobatsira zvakananga pakukura kwemafaira ejQuery 4, kunyanya kana matavi eInternet Explorer apera.
Kuchengetedzwa: Mhando Dzakavimbika uye kurongeka kwakasimba kweCSP
Kupfuura rutsigiro rwebrowser, jQuery 4 inopindurawo tarisiro yemazuva ano yekuchengetedza mukugadzirwa kukuruMasangano mazhinji ikozvino anovimba zvakanyanya neContent Security Policy (CSP) kuderedza kurwiswa kwecross-site scripting (XSS), uye jQuery's internals yaida kugadziriswa kuti iite zvinhu zvakachena pasi pemitemo yakaoma.
Kuchinja kukuru ndekwekuti rutsigiro rweVatendi VemhandoKana webhusaiti ikatevedzera mitemo yakaita se require-trusted-types-for 'script', chete kukosha kwakaputirwa mumhando dzakatenderwa (senge TrustedHTML) inogona kuiswa mumasinki eDOM anonzwa. Pakutanga mavhezheni ejQuery aigona kutyora zvirambidzo izvi netsaona mune dzimwe nzira dzeAPI, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwemapoka ari kuedza kusimbisa CSP yavo.
Ne 4.0, Zvemukati zveHTML zvakaputirwa seTrustedHTML zvino zvinogona kupfuudzwa mune nzira dzejQuery dzekushandura DOM pasina kukonzera kutyorwa kwemitemo. Raibhurari yakaongororwa kuitira kuti, pazvinogoneka, ishande neTrusted Types pachinzvimbo chekuvarwisa.
Imwe nzira yakabatana inokanganisa kurodha kweasynchronous script. jQuery ikozvino inosarudza kugadzira standard <script> Tags kune akawanda ma async script zvikumbiro pane kuvimba ne inline constructions. Iyi shift inobatsira kudzivirira zvikanganiso zveCSP muma setups anorambidza inline JavaScript, iyo iri kuwedzera kuwanda mu hardened deployments.
Kubva ku AMD kusvika kuES modules uye pombi itsva yekuvaka
Pasi pehood, jQuery 4 inombundira ES modules senzira yayo huru yekushandisa module., ichisiya chimiro chekare cheAMD chaigara chichitsigira cheni yayo yekuvaka. Izvi zvinoenzanisa purojekiti iyi nehurongwa hwemamodule hwakajairika hunoshandiswa neJavaScript yemazuva ano.
Panzvimbo peRequireJS, chirongwa ichi ikozvino chinoshandisa Rongedza kumusoro kuti ubatanidze tsime re ES moduleKune mapoka anobatanidza jQuery muzvishandiso zvemazuva ano, izvi zvinoreva kuti raibhurari inoenderana zviri nyore pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira dzekushandisa ESM uye inogona kushandiswa zvakananga kuburikidza ne <script type="module"> pazvinenge zvakakodzera.
Miedzo yakagadziriswawo: shanduro yakavakirwa pamodule inoshandiswa yoga, kuitira kuti nyaya dzakanangana neESM build dzigone kubatwa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune vagadziri vanoda kungopinza zvikamu zvejQuery mumabundles akagadzirwa, kana vari kugadzirisa codebase yavo maererano neESM semantics.
Kugoverwa kwezvinhu hakuna kuchinja zvakanyanya kubva pamaonero ekushanda. Shanduro itsva iyi inowanikwa kuburikidza ne jQuery CDN yepamutemo uye kuburikidza ne npm, nemaCDN echitatu anowanzo dzoka nekufamba kwenguva. Kune maCI pipelines aripo kana maitiro ekuisa, zvinoreva kukweshana kushoma kana uchichinja kubva pakuburitswa kwe3.x yapfuura kuenda kuzvivakwa zvitsva.
Rondedzero refu yemaAPI akabviswa uye asina basa
Apo kuburitswa kudiki kwakapfuura kwakasundidzira vagadziri zvinyoro nyoro kubva pamapatani ekare, jQuery 4 inozobvisa maAPI mazhinji akanga anyorwa seasina basa kwemakoreChinangwa ndechekushandisa maficha eJavaScript akavakirwa mukati ayo browser yega yega inotsigirwa inotove nawo.
Pakati pezvinhu zvakabviswa pane zvinhu zvekushandisa zvakaita se jQuery.isArray, jQuery.parseJSON, jQuery.trim, jQuery.type, jQuery.now, jQuery.isNumeric, jQuery.isFunction, jQuery.isWindow, jQuery.camelCase, jQuery.nodeName, jQuery.cssNumber, uye jQuery.cssPropsMabasa aya pakutanga akazadza mipata mukushandiswa kwebrowser kusingaenderane, asi anowanzo dzokorora zviri kupihwa nemutauro wacho pari zvino.
Mukuita, ma codebases anotarisirwa kuchinjana vabatsiri ava neakaenzana nawo: Array.isArray() panzvimbo ye jQuery.isArray, JSON.parse() apo jQuery.parseJSON zvaimbove, String.prototype.trim() kutsiva jQuery.trim, uye Date.now() nokuti jQuery.now, pakati pezvimwe. Kutama nenzira iyi kunoita kuti kodhi ive nyore kutakurwa uye isanyanya kubatanidzwa nemaitiro chaiwo ejQuery.
Kudivi remukati, nzira dze array dzakadai se push, sort, uye splice dzakabviswa kubva pamuenzaniso wejQueryIdzi dzaive vabatsiri vemukati vakazoonekwa pachena, uye kubviswa kwadzo kunojekesa kuti vagadziri vanofanirwa kubata maunganidzwa ejQuery zvakasiyana neakarongeka, kunyangwe dzimwe nguva vachigovana kufanana kwakanyanya.
Kuchenesa kwese uku, pamwe chete nekusiya kodhi yakakosha yeshanduro dzekare dzeInternet Explorer, inoderedza huwandu hweraibhurari neanopfuura makirobytes matatu muchimiro che gzipKune mawebhusaiti anofarira kilobyte yega yega, izvozvo hazvireve kuchengetedza mari, kunyanya kana zvakabatana nezvimwe zvigadziriso.
Kuvaka kwakajairika, kuvaka kwakatetepa, uye kuderedza saizi yemafaira
Saizi yefaira yagara iri chikamu chehurukuro pamusoro pejQuery, uye Shanduro yechina inoenderera mberi netsika yekuenda kumwoyo wakatetepa. Chivakwa che minified standard ikozvino chinorema pasi pe80 KB, zvichienzaniswa ne88 KB yejQuery 3.7.1.
The slim build inotarisa nzvimbo dzisingade rutsigiro rweAjax kana animationNekubvisa ma module iwayo, jQuery 4's slim variant inodzikira zvakanyanya, ichisvika pa56 KB mune imwe report uye inenge 19.5 KB yakaiswa gzip mune imwe, zvichienderana nekuti ndeapi ma metrics uye ma compression details aunotarisa. Chero zvazvingava, gwara racho rakajeka: legacy shoma, mabundles madiki.
Kunze kweAjax nemifananidzo, slim build inosiyawo Deferreds uye Callbacks muchinyorwa chitsva. Zvichienderana nekuti maPromises echinyakare ikozvino atsigirwa zvakanaka mumabhurawuza ese kunze kweIE11, timu yacho yakanzwa chivimbo chekuti mapatani mazhinji asina kuenderana anogona kuvimba zvakananga nemitauro yekutanga yakavakirwa mukati.
Vagadziri vanofarira nzvimbo yakazara yeAPI vanogona kusarudza kuvaka kwakajairika, asi mapurojekiti anoda kuderedza mitoro ane sarudzo dzakawanda kupfuura kareNekuda kwemari iri kuramba ichiwanda yekushanda, kunyanya pamafoni, kugona kusarudza mhando yakachekwa zvakanaka ibhenefiti inoshanda.
Zviitiko zvekutarisa nekujekesa zvino zvinotevera W3C spec
Imwe yeshanduko dzakapusa asi dzine simba mujQuery 4 inosanganisira tarisa uye bvisa ruzivo rwezviitiko pane zvinhu zvemushandisiKare, mabrowsers aisabvumirana nezvekurongeka chaiko kwezviitiko izvi, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwakaoma kutevera.
Kuti tirarame nazvo, shanduro dzekare dzejQuery dzakapfuura kurongeka kwezviitiko zvemuno kupa kutevedzana kwakafanana, kunyangwe izvozvo zvaireva kusiyana kubva pakuchinja kwemitemo. Vagadziri vakagadzira kodhi pamusoro pefungidziro idzodzo, kazhinji vasingazive kuti maitiro acho akasiyana neaiitwa nemabrowsers zvishoma nezvishoma.
Zvino sezvo W3C specification ichitsanangura kurongeka kwakafanana kwe focus, focusin, focusout uye blur, mabhurawuza emazuva ano anowanzo shandiswa pamhando iyoyo. Mukupindura, jQuery 4 inobvisa pfungwa yayo yekare yekubvisa uye inoita kuti kurongeka kwezviitiko zvemuno kukunde mumabhurawuza ese anotsigirwa, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zviripo.
Chinhu chakanaka ndechekuti maitiro anova nyore kufungidzira muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyanaDambudziko nderekuti kodhi yaivimba nehurongwa hwekare hwejQuery ikozvino inogona kuita zvakasiyana, zvichida kuunza maedge cases asingatarisirwi mumafomu kana kutaurirana kwakaoma kweUI. Iyi ndeimwe yenzvimbo apo kumhanya bvunzo uye kushandisa jQuery yakagadziriswa Migrate plugin panguva yekuvandudza kunogona kubatsira zvikuru.
Raibhurari isina kusimba, asi havasi vese vanobvumirana nebasa rayo
Sezvakaita chero tekinoroji inogara kwenguva refu, Maonero pamusoro penzvimbo yejQuery muna 2026 akapatsanurwa zvakanyanyaKune vamwe vanogadzira mapurogiramu, mhedziso yacho iri nyore: kana uri kutanga web application itsva yakanangana nemabrowser emazuva ano, zvinoita sekunge pasina chikonzero chekuisa jQuery zvachose.
Vatsoropodzi vanowanzotaura nezve zvinonetsa pakushanda uye kuvimbaJavaScript yerudzi rwechivanhu inowanzo kurumidza uye inodzivisa kuwedzera makumi emakirobytes emakodhi eraibhurari. Mavhezheni ekare ejQuery anowanzo gara asina kurongwa pamasaiti ekugadzira, uye chikamu chisiri chidiki chewebhu chinonzi chichiri kuburitsa marekodhi e2.x emakore apfuura.
Kune rimwe divi rehurukuro, vazhinji vanoita zvekurapa vanoti jQuery inoramba iri chishandiso chinoshanda uye chinoshanda mubasa rezuva nezuvaKunyange zvazvo ma framework akaita seReact kana Vue achitonga ma application makuru epage rimwe chete, jQuery inogona kushandiswa zviri nyore pakuvandudza zvinhu, mawebsite ekare ane mapeji akawanda, kana ma prototypes anokurumidza apo kugadzira pipeline yakazara kunoita sekunge yakawandisa.
Kuchine vagadziri vanotsanangura jQuery se imwe yemaraibhurari mashoma eJavaScript ayo anonzwa achifadza kushandisa nguva dzose, kunyanya pakugadzirisa DOM uye kubata zviitiko. Maumbirwo ayo mapfupi, nzira dzinoshandiswa pakutevedzana, uye maidiom akajairwa kwenguva refu zvinogona kuderedza boilerplate uye kuchengetedza zvinyorwa zvidiki zvichigona kuverengwa.
Kusiyana ikoko kwemaonero kunoreva kuti jQuery 4 inogona kududzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana: senzira yekuvandudza chishandiso chekare nevamwe, uye senzira shoma yekuchengetedza nguva iri kupera nevamweChokwadi chiripo ndechekuti nzvimbo zhinji dzekugadzira zvinhu dzinoramba dzichivimba nazvo, zvisinei nekuti zviri mumatemplate matsva epurojekiti here kana kuti kwete.
Kushandiswa chaiko kwenyika: kana jQuery ichiri kuchengetedza nguva
Kupfuura nharo dzisinganzwisisike, nyaya dzinobva mukuvandudzwa kwezuva nezuva dzinoratidza kuti jQuery ichiri kukwanisa kugadzirisa mamwe matambudziko nekodhi diki kwazvoMuenzaniso mumwe unosanganisira kuvaka minda yemafomu inokatyamadzwa, inochinjika, uko mamwe ma inputs anoonekwa chete kana mamwe asarudzwa kana kutariswa.
Kana zvakadaro, mugadziri pakutanga akaedza kugadzira maitiro aya neJavaScript yakajeka, kubatanidza vateereri vakawanda vezviitiko, kushandurwa kweCSS nematambudziko enguva. Mushure mekuedza kakawanda, chinyorwa chakanga chakura kusvika pamitsetse inopfuura makumi mashanu uye chakaramba chichitambura nemamiriro emujaho apo maanimation aipesana kana kuti aibuda muhurongwa.
Pakupedzisira, kushushikana kwakakunda uye jQuery 4 yakawedzerwa seyakavimbikaIchishandisa mashandiro ayo ekugadzirisa zviitiko uye ma animation, mhedzisiro imwecheteyo yakadzokororwa mumitsara mishoma yekodhi. Kuchinjana kwacho kwaive nyore: raibhurari yekuwedzera ~80 KB kuti iite zviri nyore uye kugona kuenderera kune zvimwe zvinhu.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akadai anoratidza chikonzero nei Pfungwa yekare yeraibhurari yekuti "nyora zvishoma, ita zvakawanda" ichiri kushanda kune mamwe mapokaKunyangwe munguva yemaAPI emuno uye maframework akaomarara, pane dzimwe nguva apo script diki yakawedzerwa nejQuery inokurumidza kugadzirwa uye iri nyore kuchengetedza kupfuura mhinduro yakagadzirwa zvizere.
Ehe, izvi hazvirevi kuti chirongwa chega chega chinobatsirwa nekubatanidza jQuery. JavaScript neDOM API dzemazuva ano dzakanyatsoenderana kupfuura zvadzaiita kare, HTML5 neECMAScript zviyero zvakaderedza misoro yebrowser, uye kune akawanda maapplication epeji rimwe chete framework kana kusava neraibhurari zvachose kungave kuri nani. Pfungwa ndeyekuti jQuery haidiwi nevanhu vese, asi kuti inoramba iri sarudzo inobatsira kana dambudziko nezvirambidzo zvakabatana.
Kubva pakunzwisisa kwakakosha kusvika pabasa reraibhurari rakajairika
Kuti unzwisise kuti nei jQuery 4 ichinyanya kutarisa pakuderedza uremu pane kuzvigadzira patsva, zvinobatsira kuyeuka nzvimbo yacho yakanga yakasiyana sei apo raibhurari yakabudaMakumi maviri emakore apfuura, mabrowser aiwanzo shandura maitiro eJavaScript neDOM, zvichiita kuti kunyangwe kutaurirana kwakajairika kunzwe sekusina kusimba.
Munzvimbo iyoyo, jQuery yakanga isiri sarudzo chaiyo kune matimu mazhinji. Yakapedzisa mafonero eAjax, kusarudzwa kweDOM, kubata zviitiko uye maanimation kuita API yakarongeka, zvichibvumira vagadziri kuti vavimbe kuti kodhi iyi yaizoshanda zvakafanana muIE, Firefox, Safari uye gare gare Chrome. Kuenderana uku kwaikosha panguva iyo Microsoft yaiwanzo tevera mazano ayo neInternet Explorer uye yaitarisira kuti vamwe vatevere.
Kubva ipapo, masangano emitemo nevatengesi vebrowser vakabatana pa HTML5, shanduro dzemazuva ano dzeECMAScript uye kurongeka kuri nani kwebrowserInjini yeChrome nezvimwe zvinobva mairi ndizvo zvinonyanya kutengeswa, uye kugona kwemabrowser kwakakwira kupfuura zvakwaive apo jQuery yakatanga kupararira kuburikidza nema developer circles.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinopihwa nejQuery nhasi hazvisi zvekushanda zvisina kuenderana asi zvakanyanya nezve inoshanda se "raibhurari yakajairwa" iri nyore uye inozivikanwa pamusoro peJavaScriptMaitiro ayo ekubatanidza mashandiro uye maidiom mapfupi anokurudzira nzira yakasununguka uye inoshanda yekuronga DOM-heavy code, kunyangwe mutauro uri pasi payo usiri kushanda chete.
Kune vagadziri vemapurogiramu avo vakangoziva maturusi emazuva ano chete, kudzika kwesimba rejQuery kunogona kuve nyore kufuratiraMapatani mazhinji akaunzwa kana kufarirwa neraibhurari akadzoserwa mumutauro uye maDOM API pachawo. Mupfungwa iyoyo, jQuery 4 haisi kuedza kudzosa nzvimbo yakarasika asi kuchengetedza raibhurari yakabatana ne ecosystem yakakurira yakaipoteredza.
Kana zvabatanidzwa, shanduko dziri mujQuery 4.0.0 - kubva pakudonhedza IE10 kuenda pakushandisa ma ES modules, Trusted Types, uye seti diki yema API - zvinoratidza chirongwa chiri kuchinja nemaune pasina kusiya mamiriyoni emawebhusaiti achiri kuvimba nachoKuburitswa uku hakuedzi kukwikwidzana zvakanangana nema framework emazuva ano, asi kunopa zvikwata zvinoramba zvichishandisa jQuery vhezheni inonzwa yakasununguka mubrowser yanhasi uye munzvimbo yekushandisa maturusi, ukuwo zvichisiya mukana wakavhurika wekuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma uko zvine musoro.
